Fibroid uterus

A fibroid uterus, also known as uterine fibroids or leiomyomas, is a condition where noncancerous growths develop within the muscular tissue of the uterus. Fibroids are the most common type of noncancerous tumors affecting the female reproductive system. They can vary in size, number, and location within the uterus.

Key points about fibroid uteri include:

Prevalence:Fibroids are quite common, especially among women of reproductive age. It is estimated that up to 70-80% of women may develop fibroids by the age of 50
Formation:The exact cause of fibroids is not well understood, but they are believed to develop from the smooth muscle cells of the uterine wall. Hormones, particularly estrogen and progesterone, play a role in their growth.
Symptoms: Many women with fibroids may not experience any symptoms. However, when symptoms do occur, they can include:

Pelvic pain or pressure: Larger fibroids can cause a feeling of fullness or pressure in the lower abdomen.
Menstrual changes: Fibroids may lead to heavy menstrual bleeding, prolonged periods, or irregular menstruation.
Pelvic pain during intercourse: Fibroids can cause discomfort or pain during sexual intercourse.
Frequent urination or difficulty emptying the bladder: Large fibroids can press against the bladder, causing changes in urinary habits.
Diagnosis: Fibroids are often diagnosed through a pelvic examination, imaging studies (such as ultrasound or MRI), or other diagnostic tests. In some cases, a hysteroscopy or laparoscopy may be performed for a more detailed evaluation.
Treatment: Treatment options for fibroids depend on the severity of symptoms, the size and location of the fibroids, and the individual's reproductive goals. Treatment options may include:

Medications: Hormonal medications, such as birth control pills or GnRH agonists, may help manage symptoms.
Minimally invasive procedures: Procedures like uterine artery embolization (UAE) or myomectomy (surgical removal of fibroids) may be considered.
Hysterectomy: In severe cases or when fertility is not a concern, a hysterectomy (removal of the uterus) may be recommended.

It's important to note that not all fibroids require treatment, and management decisions are often individualized based on the specific circumstances of each patient.